7th parts of parts of speech conjunction

 

ENGLISH COACHING CENTER

Based on JAC BASB CBSE ICSE SKMU and TMBU

Basic English Grammar

Conjunction

What is Conjunction?

Words which join two sentences, clauses or phrases are called conjunctions.

 

There are three types of Conjunctions

• Coordinating conjunctions
• Correlative conjunctions
• Subordinating conjunctions

·        Coordinating Conjunctions – Examplesfor, and, neither, nor, but, or, yet, so

·        Coordinating Conjunctions – Sentences

·        मैं मार्किट में शॉपिंग करूंगी।
मैं मार्किट में खाना खाऊँगी।
मैं मार्किट में शॉपिंग करूंगी और खाना भी खाऊँगी।
I will shop in the market.
I will eat food in the market.
I will shop and eat food in the market.

·        मुझे घूमना पसंद है।
मुझे ट्रैन में घूमना पसंद नहीं है।
मुझे घूमना पसंद है पर ट्रैन में घूमना पसंद नहीं है।
I like to travel.
I don’t like travelling by train.
I like to travel but don’t like travelling by train.
दोनों कंप्यूटरों में से कोई भी ठीक काम नहीं कर रहा है।
Neither of the two computers is working fine.

·        क्या तुम चाय लोगे ?
क्या तुम कॉफ़ी लोगे ?
क्या तुम चाय या कॉफ़ी लोगे ?
Will you take tea?
Will you take coffee?
Will you take tea or coffee?

·        मैं सुबह जल्दी उठ गई।
मुझे ट्रैन पे चढ़ना था।
मैं सुबह जल्दी उठ गई क्योंकि मुझे ट्रैन पर चढ़ना था।
I woke up early in the morning.
I had to board the train.
I woke up early in the morning for (because) I had to board the train.

·        उसकी बात अविश्वसनीय थी।
उसकी बात सच्ची थी।
उसकी बात अविश्वसनीय थी परंतु सच्ची थी।
His words were unbelievable.
His words were true.
His words were unbelievable yet they were true.

·        राम ने आने से मना कर दिया।
राम ने फ़ोन करने से मना कर दिया।
राम नहीं आएगा और नाहि फ़ोन करेगा।
Ram has refused to come.
Ram has refused to call.
Ram will neither come nor will he call.

·        घर बंद था।
वो पड़ोसी के घर पर सो गया।
घर बंद था इसलिए वो पड़ोसी के घर पर सो गया।
The house was locked.
He slept at the neighbour’s house.
The house was locked so he slept at the neighbour’s house.

·         

·        CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS

·        Pairs of words which join sentences or clauses of equal importance are called Correlative conjunctions.

·        Correlative Conjunctions – Examples

·        either…or, not only…but also, neither…nor, both…and, whether…or, as…as, as much…as, no sooner…than, rather…than

·        सीखने के लिए न केवल सुनना लेकिन समझना भी ज़रूरी है।
In order to learn, you must not only listen closely but also understand.
बॉस जानना चाहते हैं कि मीटिंग में तुम जाओगे या मैं।
Boss wants to know whether you will go for the meeting or I.
या तो मुक़ाबला करो या फिर अपनी हार मान लो।
Either compete or accept your defeat.

·        लड़के क्रिकेट खेल रहे हैं।
लडकियां क्रिकेट खेल रही हैं।
लड़के और लड़कियाँ दोनों क्रिकेट खेल रहे हैं।
Boys are playing cricket.
Girls are playing cricket.
Both boys and girls are playing cricket.
जैसे ही उसने पत्र पढ़ा, वह रोने लग गई।
No sooner had she read the letter than she burst into tears.

·         

·        SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

·        Also called subordinators, they join an independent clause with a dependent clause.

·        Subordinating Conjunction Examples
after, although, as, as far as, as if, as long as, as soon as, as though, because, before, even if, even though, every time, if, in order that, since, so, sothat, than, though, unless,
until, when, whenever, where, whereas, wherever, and while.

·        CONJUNCTION EXAMPLES and SENTENCES

·        ‘into’
Indicates the movement from the outside to the inside of something.
‘into the pond’, ‘into the fire’.
‘along’

·        Indicates movement from one end to the other end.
‘along the river bank’, ‘along the road’.
हम नदी के किनारे चल रहे थे।
We were walking along the river.
‘across’
Indicates movement from one side to the other of something.
‘across the road’, ‘across the sea.
‘towards’
Used to mean ‘in the direction of’.
‘towards the north’, ‘towards Delhi’
हिमालय पर्वत उत्तर की तरफ हैं।
The Himalaya mountains are towards the north.
‘to’
Used to indicate the destination.
‘to America’, ‘to the shop’, ‘to your house’, ‘to school’
बच्चे स्कूल जा रहे हैं।
Children are going to school.
‘by’
Expresses the means of an action.
‘by train’, ‘by coaching’, ‘by sea’
हम स्कूल बस से जाते हैं।
We go to school by bus.
‘through’
Denotes motion within an object from one end to the other.
‘through the tunnel’, ‘through the room’
रेलगाड़ी पाँछ सुरंगों में से निकलती है।

·        The train passes through five tunnels.
‘around’

·        Indicates to go in a circular direction due to an obstacle.
‘around the world’, ‘around the park’.
हम विष्व के चारों ओर घूम के आए।

·        We went around the World.
‘up’

·        Indicates the movement of ascent.
‘up the tree’, ‘up the ladder’
बन्दर पेड़ के ऊपर चढ़ गया।

·        The monkey climbed up the tree.
‘down’

·        Indicates the motion of descent.
‘down the stairs’, ‘down the road’
वह सीढ़ियों से नीचे गया है।

·        He has gone down the stairs.
‘off’

·        Indicates the motion away from a surface.
‘off the wall’, ‘off the ceiling’.
बिल्ली ने दीवार के ऊपर से छलांग मारी।

·        The cat jumped off the wall.
‘onto’
Indicates motion of ascent and the present place of anyone.
‘onto the table’, ‘onto the roof’
चोर छत के ऊपर चढ़ गए।
The thieves climbed onto the roof.
‘over’
Indicates the motion to pass above something.
‘over the pool’, ‘over the fence’
हम बाढ़ के ऊपर से कूद गए।
We jumped over the fence.
‘past’
Indicates motion to a place further than a particular point.
‘past the post office’, ‘past her house’
मैं डाक घर के आगे से आया हूँ।
I just walked past the post office.

By Manoj Sir